Modern CSS tricks for massive performance gains with Michael Hladky

Michael Hladky joins the pod to explain how CSS performance improvements like content-visibility, CSS containment, contain layout, and contain paint can dramatically outperform JavaScript virtual scrolling. The conversation explores virtual scrolling, large DOM performance, and how layout and paint work inside the browser rendering pipeline, including recalculate styles and their impact on INP Interaction to Next Paint. Michael shares real-world examples of frontend performance optimization, discusses cross-browser CSS support including Safari content-visibility, and explains why web performance issues tied to rendering are often misunderstood and overlooked. Links LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/michael-hladky-519340148/ GitHub: https://github.com/BioPhoton X: https://x.com/Michael_Hladky Resources Conference link: https://push-based.io/event/perfnow-2025-michael-hladky-zero-js-virtual-scrolling-css Conference resource: https://github.com/push-based/css-contain-and-content-visibility-research We want to hear from you! How did you find us? Did you see us on Twitter? In a newsletter? Or maybe we were recommended by a friend? Fill out our listener survey! https://t.co/oKVAEXipxu Let us know by sending an email to our producer, Elizabeth, at elizabeth.becz@logrocket.com, or tweet at us at PodRocketPod. What does LogRocket do? LogRocket provides AI-first session replay and analytics that surfaces the UX and technical issues impacting user experiences. Start understanding where your users are struggling by trying it for free at LogRocket.com. Try LogRocket for free today. Chapters 00:00 Introduction to CSS Performance and Virtual Scrolling 01:20 Why Interaction to Next Paint (INP) Changed Everything 03:00 The Real Cost of Layout and Paint 05:10 Why Large DOMs Break Performance 06:45 How CSS Containment Works 08:30 Contain Layout vs Contain Paint Explained 10:40 When Containment Breaks Your UI 12:20 Introducing Content Visibility 14:10 CSS Content Visibility vs JavaScript Virtual Scrolling 16:40 Why CSS Skips Recalculate Styles Entirely 18:50 Real Performance Gains on Desktop and Mobile 20:40 Cross-Browser Support Including Safari 22:10 Common Pitfalls and Flickering Issues 24:10 How to Measure Layout and Paint Performance 26:10 Why Frameworks Should Use This by Default 28:00 Design Systems and Low-Hanging Performance Wins 30:10 The Biggest CSS Performance Misconception 32:00 Final Takeaways on Frontend Performance